Deposition of numerous subretinal drusen is known to be an early sign of AMD preceding the intermediate stage of the disease, which typically involves central field distortions and impairment of visual acuity ( Bowes Rickman et al., 2013 Wong et al., 2022). Age-related macular degeneration and the Haidinger's brushĪge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a global leading cause of irreversible blindness ( Lim et al., 2012). Here we review the advancements with the structured light stimuli and describe the current challenges and future prospects.ġ. Recent attempts have been made to increase the strength of the perceived signal by employing structured light with spatially varying polarization profiles. However, due to the weak nature of the perceived signal the perception of the Haidinger's brush has not been integrated with modern clinical methods. As the shape and clarity of the perceived signal is directly related to the health of the macula, Haidinger's brush has been used as a diagnostic marker in studies of early stage macular degeneration and central field visual dysfunction. In the standard case of linearly polarized stimuli, a faint bowtie-like pattern known as the Haidinger's brush appears in the central point of fixation. The dichroic macular pigment in the Henle fiber layer in the fovea enables humans to perceive entoptic phenomena when viewing polarized blue light. 6Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States.5School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.4Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.3Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.2Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.1Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.Silva 5 Taranjit Singh 2 Benjamin Thompson 2,5 Dusan Sarenac 2,3,6 Cory 3,4 Connor Kapahi 1,3 Mukhit Kulmaganbetov 2 Melanie Mungalsingh 5 Andrew E.
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